A Review of Object Visual Detection for Intelligent Vehicles

This paper contains the details of different object detection (OD) techniques, object iden-tification's relationship with video investigation, and picture understanding, it has pulled in much exploration consideration as of late. Customary item identification strat-egies are based on high-quality highlights and shallow teachable models. This survey paper presents one such strategy which is named as Optical Flow method (OFM). This strategy is discovered to be stronger and more effective for moving item recognition and the equivalent has been appeared by an investigation in this review paper. Applying optical stream to a picture gives stream vectors of the focuses comparing to the moving items. Next piece of denoting the necessary moving object of interest checks to the post-preparing. Post handling is the real commitment of the review paper for moving item identification issues. Their presentation effectively deteriorates by developing com-plex troupes which join numerous low-level picture highlights with significant level set-ting from object indicators and scene classifiers. With the fast advancement in profound learning, all the more useful assets, which can learn semantic, significant level, further highlights, are acquainted with address the issues existing in customary designs. These models carry on contrastingly in network design, preparing system, and advancement work, and so on in this review paper, we give an audit on profound learning-based item location systems. Our survey starts with a short presentation on the historical backdrop of profound learning and its agent device, in particular, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and region-based convolutional neural networks (R-CNN)

Therapies Targeted to Androgen Receptor Signaling Axis in Prostate Cancer: Progress, Challenges, and Hope

Prostate cancer is the mostly commonly diagnosed non-cutaneous malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related death affecting men in the United States. Moreover, it disproportionately affects the men of African origin, who exhibit significantly greater incidence and mortality as compared to the men of European origin. Since androgens play an important role in the growth of normal prostate and prostate tumors, targeting of androgen signaling has remained a mainstay for the treatment of aggressive prostate cancer. Over the years, multiple approaches have been evaluated to effectively target the androgen signaling pathway that include direct targeting of the androgens, androgen receptor (AR), AR co-regulators or other alternate mechanisms that impact the outcome of androgen signaling. Several of these approaches are currently in clinical practice, while some are still pending further development and clinical evaluation. This remarkable progress has resulted from extensive laboratory, pre-clinical and clinical efforts, and mechanistic learnings from the therapeutic success and failures. In this review, we describe the importance of androgen signaling in prostate cancer biology and advances made over the years to effectively target this signaling pathway. We also discuss emerging data on the resistance pathways associated with the failure of various androgen signaling- targeted therapies and potential of this knowledge for translation into future therapies for prostate cancer

Cellular and Molecular Progression of Prostate Cancer: Models for Basic and Preclinical Research

We have witnessed noteworthy progress in our understanding of prostate cancer over the past decades. This basic knowledge has been translated into efficient diagnostic and treatment approaches leading to the improvement in patient survival. However, the molecular pathogenesis of prostate cancer appears to be complex, and histological findings often do not provide an accurate assessment of disease aggressiveness and future course. Moreover, we also witness tremendous racial disparity in prostate cancer incidence and clinical outcomes necessitating a deeper understanding of molecular and mechanistic bases of prostate cancer. Biological research heavily relies on model systems that can be easily manipulated and tested under a controlled experimental environment. Over the years, several cancer cell lines have been developed representing diverse molecular subtypes of prostate cancer. In addition, several animal models have been developed to demonstrate the etiological molecular basis of the prostate cancer. In recent years, patient-derived xenograft and 3-D culture models have also been created and utilized in preclinical research. This review is an attempt to succinctly discuss existing information on the cellular and molecular progression of prostate cancer. We also discuss available model systems and their tested and potential utility in basic and preclinical prostate cancer research